International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
8355
D/A converter
Circuits that convert a digital signal to an analog one (the analog signal is proportional to an input binary number).
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7900
Daily flood peak
The maximum daily flow during the flood event.
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7817
Daily flow, or Daily discharge
The volume of water passing a particular point during one day.
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1960
Daily range of soil temperature
The difference between the maximum and minimum values of soil temperature.
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8356
Daisy-wheel printer
An impact printer that uses a print element shaped like a flat disk or large thimble to form the alphanumerics and punctuation marks that are part of its print element. Unlike dot-matrix, ink-jet, and laser printers, daisy-wheel printers can not print graphics. .....
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2113
Dal soil
A local name for a peat soil in the Netherlands, consisting of a sandy subsoil covered with a layer of lumps of young peat......
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2327
Dam
A barrier usually on an important scale across a watercourse, for the purpose of impounding water or creating a reservoir (i) to raise water level, (ii) to divert water therefrom into a conduit or channel, (iii) to create a hydraulic head that can be used to generate power, (iv) to improve river navigability by means of regulated releases of stored.....
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2442
Dam axis, Axis of dam, or Axis
1 - In case of gravity, buttress and arch dams it is the horizontal trace of the upstream edge of the top of the structural zone or top arch. 2 - In case of earth and rockfill dams, it is the horizontal trace through the centre of the top width......
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7972
Dam break analysis
The analysis of the flood flows resulting from postulated conditions of partial or total failure of a water storage dam. Such analyses are particularly important where a significant population would be put at risk by such a failure, and would define conditions for flood warning criteria, as well as for safety factor requirements in dam design or st.....
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5309
Dangerous bank
A bank showing signs of slipping due to saturation, or that has been unduly cut and damaged by weathering, cattle, etc.
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4199
Darcy`s law
A physical law stating that the rate of viscous flow of fluid in isotropic porous media is proportional to and in the direction of decreasing hydraulic gradient. The law is expressed mathematically as : .....
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3156
Darcy-Weisbach equation
Equation used for calculating head loss due to friction in a conduit and expressed as-

LV2
hf   = f .  ------
             D 2g

where,  hf is head loss due to friction (m, ft), f = Darcy-Weisbach friction factor (unitless), D = conduit diameter (m, ft), L = conduit length (m, ft), V = flow velocity (m/sec, ft/sec), g = acceleration due to gravity.....
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3466
Dash pot
A device employed to damp the movement of a mechanism. It consists of a chamber in which the movement of a plate or vane is decelerated by a fluid whose flow from one side of the plate or vane to the other is controlled by a calibrated orifice (illustrated)......
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8443
Data encryption
Transformation of data into unreadable, meaningless data through a cryptographic transformation using key. Decryption turns unintelligible data into meaningful data using a key......
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6330
Data transmission
The sending of data from one place to another, or from one part of the system to another.
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8444
Database
A collection of structured information for creating a specific format out of some, or all, of the collected data.
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9079
Date of completion
1 - The date of completion of the work as specified in the contract. 2 - Actual date on which the work is finished irrespective of the fact that final measurements thereof for the purpose of payment were recorded at a later date......
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14
Datum
1 - Any graphical numerical or geometrical quantity or set of such quantities that may serve as a reference or base for other quantities. 2 - See 2071 and 3306......
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3306
Datum
1 - An arbitrary horizontal line from which heights and depths are reckoned, as in a longitudinal section of a canal or railroad. 2 - See 14 and 2071......
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5082
Datum line
An arbitrary horizontal line from which heights and depths are measured.
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2071
Datum, Plane
1 - The horizontal plane to which soundings and ground elevations of water surface elevations are referred. The plane is called a tidal datum when defined by a certain phase of the tide. 2 - See 14 and 3306......
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4906
Day-degree, or Degree day
Variation of one degree per day in mean daily temperature, above an adopted standard reference temperature (usually 10oC). The number of degree days for a single day is the actual variation of mean temperature from the standard. The number of degree days is a month, or other interval, is the sum of daily values. When the mean temperature on a given.....
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4955
Daylength
Number of hours between sunrise and sunset.
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8445
DBMS
Data-Base Management System, a software program that controls and supervises the updating, editing, and execution of items from multiple files in a data base environment......
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6198
Dead band
The range through which a controlled variable can vary without initiating a corrective action.
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