International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)

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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
17
Multistage sampling
A type of sampling when the sample is selected by stages, the sampling units at each stage being sub-sampled from the larger units chosen at the previous stage......
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34
Sampling distribution
The distribution of a statistic (or set of statistics) in all possible samples chosen according to a specified sampling scheme......
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35
Sampling error
That part of the difference between a population value and an estimate thereof, derived from a random sample, due to fact that only a sample of value is observed; as distinct from errors due to imperfect selection, bias in response or estimation, errors of observation and recording, etc. The totality of sampling errors in all possible samples of th.....
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115
Analysis of variance
A separation into components associated with defined sources of variation, of the total variation displayed by a set of observations, as measured by the sums of squares of deviations from the mean......
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116
Variance
A measure of the degree of dispersion of a set of values around their mean, obtained by calculating the mean value of the squares of the deviations from the mean, equal to the square of the `standard deviation` (See 119)......
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133
Sampling variance
The variance of a sampling distribution.
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142
Stratified sampling
A method of sampling whereby the population is divided into groups, according to some relevant characteristic, and a simple random sample is taken from each group......
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225
Acceptance sampling
In sampling by variables, acceptance is defined in terms of the observed values and the permitted tolerances.
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226
Sampling plan
The procedure for acceptance on the basis of sampling information, e.g. single-sampling plan, double-sampling plan, multiple-sampling plan and sequential-sampling plan......
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227
Single-sampling plan
The plan in which the proper sample size is decided and the number of defective units that will delineate regions of rejection and acceptance is calculated. If a smaller number of defectives is found than the critical number, the entire lot is accepted; otherwise the entire lot is rejected......
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228
Double-sampling plan
In order to give the lot a second chance, double sampling is often adopted. To begin with, a relatively small sample, smaller than in the single-sampling plan, is taken and critical values for acceptance and rejection computed. If the sample produces less defective units than the acceptance critical value, the entire lot is accepted; if it produces.....
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229
Multiple-sampling plan
An elaboration of the double-sampling plan to a greater number of samplings.
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230
Sequential-sampling plan
A statistical sampling technique in which the sampling size is not determined in advance. Instead, after each sample observation or group of observations, it is decided whether to accept, reject or reserve judgement and continue sampling until a decision is finally reached......
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235
Covariance
The first product moment of two variates about their mean values.
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284
Cluster sampling
A sampling technique in which clusters of observations are formed on some basis that reduces cost (e.g. geographical compactness), but care is taken to ensure heterogeneity and to avoid redundancy of information......
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285
Area sampling
Area sampling is an application of cluster sampling with other design features interwoven, the idea being that by drawing probability samples of specific areas and sampling appropriately within them, it is possible to obtain a probability sample of the population......
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1176
Sampling station
In chemical gauging, the station downstream of the dosing station from which samples of water are taken to find out the concentration of the diluted chemical solution with a view to determining the discharge......
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1366
Isokinetic sampling
A sample drawn in such a way that the water-sediment mixture moves without acceleration while leaving the ambient flow and enters sample intake......
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3137
Time-integration sampling
The process of sampling over a considerable period of time to obtain an average sediment concentration with time.
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