International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
1624
A horizon
A mineral horizon formed or forming at or adjacent to the surface that shows: a) an accumulation of organic matter intimately associated with the mineral fraction, or b) a morphology acquired by soil formation but lacking the properties of E and B horizons......
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6131
A-Frame
An open structure tapering from a wide base to a load-bearing top.
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8096
A/D Converter
Device used to covert an analog input signal to a digital output form that can be understood by a computer.
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7162
Abatement
A reduction in the degree or intensity of pollution.
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135
Aberrations, Anomalies, or Irregularities
A description of relatively unusual or irregular values of variables in a table or other display.
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6608
Abiocoen
All the non-living components of the environment.
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6849
Abioseston
The non‑living components of the seston.
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6609
Abiotic
Referring to the non-living components of the environment.
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6804
Abiotic productivity
The amount of material yielded by an inorganic, renewable resource process.
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751
Ablation
The combined processes (such as sublimation, melting,or calving) which remove snow or ice from the surface of a glacier or snowfield. .....
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1
Abnormal
1 - Not normal. The term is used without any quantitative meaning, its use depends on judgement of the past records of similar occurrences. 2 - Above or below the normal value of an element, regardless of the degree of deviation.
.....
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1374
Abnormal scour
Scour caused by deflected on-flowing currents, as by the river running tangentially forming an eddy when leaving the curve of the protection structure......
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1409
Abrasion
1 - Mutual rubbing of particles of sediment in flowing water as well as in the channel bed as a result of which these particles tend to decrease in size. Note - Sorting occurs with a change of the sediment carrying capacity of the stream. Whenever the tractive force of a stream decreases due to any reason, the coarser particles of sediment normally.....
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6427
Abrasion
1 - A wearing away process, as of ice or snow by melting, or of land by the action of running surface water. 2 - See 1409......
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5959
Abrasion drill, or Rotary drill
A type of drill that grinds rock into small particles through the abrasive effect of a bit that rotates in the hole.
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2571
Abridged trial load method, or Simplified trial load method
Used for arch dam preliminary design work by using tables and curves for determining deflections of arches. Modified assumptions are made with regard to the foundation in this analysis which neglect (i) differences in elasticity of rock and concrete, (ii) the angle that the plane of the abutment makes with a vertical plane and (iii) certain seconda.....
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3
Absolute
1 - Absolute value, i.e. the actual magnitude regardless of its sign. 2 - Independent of any arbitrary standard and determined only by the fundamental units of mass, length and time, e.g. absolute humidity. 3 - In climatology, the extreme highest and lowest values of any event which occur during a particular period at the place of observation......
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4260
Absolute artesian well
An artesian well which is isolated by sealing from a permeable layer, if it happens to traverse it, overlying the upper confining bed of the artesian groundwater......
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3041
Absolute paths
Paths relative to a base such as earth.
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1122
Absorbed water
Water held on the surface of individual soil particles by the force of molecular attraction with emission of heat (heat of wetting)......
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4146
Absorbing well, Drain well, Dead well, or Negative well
1 - A shaft or well driven through an impermeable stratum to allow surface water to drain through to a permeable one. 2 - See 2559 (drain well)......
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3999
Absorption
An act or process of absorbing water by sub-soil in the   perimeter of the canals/streams.(See 1939).
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1939
Absorption
The upward passage, by osmosis, of inorganic salts in solution from soil water to the root hairs.
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1961
Absorption coefficient
Represents the volume of gas, reduced to standard conditions (0oC and 760 mm pressure), dissolved in one volume of liquid when the pressure of the gas (without the vapour pressure of the liquid) is 760 mm......
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870
Absorption loss
Seepage into the bed of a canal that occurs shortly after water is turned into the dry canal (as the canal is being primed). (See 4000). .....
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