International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
4
Absolute difference
The magnitude of the difference between two values. The difference taken without regard to sign between values of two variables and in particular of two random variables......
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6
Accuracy of the mean
The closeness of agreement between the true value and the mean result obtained by applying the experimental procedure to a very large number of times. The smaller the systematic part of the experimental errors which affect the results, the more accurate is the procedure......
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31
Conversion factor
That factor by which the numerical value made in one system of units must be multiplied to arrive at the numerical value in another system of units......
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32
Fluctuations
1 - A movement up or down between consecutive items of a series of numbers or numerical observations. 2 - The variation of a statistic from sample to sample is known as a `sampling fluctuation`......
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36
Law of large numbers
The larger the samples, the less will be the variability in the sample averages and probability of occurrences. The law of large numbers works by its swamping effect rather than by compensation. By the law of large numbers, the average of a large number of independent measurements will be more precise and, therefore, have more reliability than a si.....
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54
Annual-flood peak series
The tabulation or graph in order of decreasing magnitude of the maximum peak floods of each year.
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56
Statistical inference
Statistical methods of drawing conclusions or making decisions about populations on the basis of samples.
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65
Frequency polygon
A diagram with a series of lines connecting the frequencies at the mid-intervals, these in a histogram would be the midpoints of the bar tops. The smoothed frequency curve is an idealized representation of a frequency polygon......
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66
Cumulative absolute (relative) frequency polygon
The polygonal line obtained by joining the points the abscissa of which is the upper limit on each class and the ordinate is either the cumulative absolute or relative frequency......
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67
Frequency curve
The graphical representation of the frequency of occurrence of specific events, or a continuous frequency distribution, the variate being the abscissa and the frequency the ordinate......
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69
Cumulative frequency function curve
Cumulative frequencies divided by the total number of observations, gives the relative cumulative frequency distribution and its plotting against the class interval concerned gives the cumulative frequency function curve......
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70
Chart of Cumulative sum, or Cusum chart
A control chart depicting calculated values of a statistic for a series of successive samples. The ordinate of each point plotted represents the ordinate of the immediately preceding point increased by the value of the statistic computed from the last sample. Cusum charts are interpreted by comparison with limits that may vary in position for each .....
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71
Cumulative Relative frequency
In the case of quantitative characteristics, the relative frequency of items having values lower than or equal to a given value, or lower than or equal to the upper limit of a given class......
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75
Duration-area curve of flows
A curve that shows the area beneath a duration curve and value of the flow, and is, thus an integral of duration with respect to stream flow. When the duration curve is plotted as a percentage of time, the resulting duration area shows the average flow available below a given discharge......
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77
Flow-duration curve
A duration curve of stream flow.
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79
Mass diagram, Mass curve, Flow integrated curve, or Summation curve
A diagram, curve, or graph, plotted with rectangular coordinates, representing a summation (integration) of all preceding quantities up to a point. Each ordinate being equal to the sum of preceding terms in the series, with the corresponding abscissa representing elapsed time, etc. The diagram is used extensively in storage and regulation studies p.....
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82
Curve fitting
1 - The fitting of a mathematical curve to any statistical data, e.g. regression data or time series. 2 - The fitting of a mathematically specified frequency curve to a frequency distribution observed......
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86
Weighting coefficient
The coefficient attached to an observation as its weight in a procedure involving weighting.
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89
Class, midpoint of, or Mid point of class
The arithmetic mean of the upper and lower limits of a class.
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91
Density function, or Frequency function
An expression giving the frequency of a variate X as a function of x; or for continuous variates, the frequency in an elemental range dx......
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92
Frequency, or Absolute frequency
The number of occurrences of a given type of event, or the number of members of a population falling into a specified class or between definite limits......
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93
Relative frequency, or Proportional frequency
A frequency expressed as a proportion of the total number of members.
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94
Percentage frequency
A frequency expressed as a percentage of the total number of members.
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95
Frequency distribution
1 - An arrangement or distribution of quantities pertaining to a single element in the order of their magnitude. 2 - A specification of the way in which the frequencies of members of a population are distributed according to the values of the variates which they exhibit......
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96
Cell frequency
When a frequency distribution is classified into categories, univariate or multivariate, the sub-categories are sometimes known as cells; the frequency with which observations fall into a particular cell is the cell frequency......
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