International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
375
Surface tension
img:equations//374_380_e.jpg
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434
Surface tension
img:equations//434_438_e.jpg
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681
Surface water hydrology
The branch of hydrology dealing with surface waters including the presence or absence of water on or above the earth’s surface......
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746
Subsurface ice, or Interstitial ice
Ice that occurs below the surface of the lithosphere. It may be formed by the freezing of saturated or unsaturated rock or soil, or by the covering of a bed of surface ice or snow by a mantle of rock debris......
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854
Interflow, Subsurface runoff
That portion of the precipitation which has not passed down the water table but is discharged from the area as subsurface flow into stream channels. Also known as ‘subsurface runoff’ (illustrated)......
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855
Subsurface flow, or Underground flow
The phenomenon of water flowing beneath the earth`s surface.
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976
Subsurface water, Underground water, or Subterranean water
All water that occurs beneath the surface of the earth (i.e. within the lithosphere).
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1040
Isopiestic line, or Pressure surface contour
Contour drawn on the piezometric surface of an artesian aquifer.
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1041
Pressure surface map
A map showing the contours of the pressure surface of a confined water system.
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1043
Piezometric surface, or Pressure surface
1 - An imaginary surface that everywhere coincides with the head of the water in an aquifer. 2 - See 5272.
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1086
Water surface (groundwater)
The very irregular and integerated upper surface of the saturated zone in a porous media. This surface typically consists of many little surfaces that are concave upwards, each occupying an interstitial chamber that may be connected with its neighbour by a tiny start or walled off from it by a solid particle. Capillary forces typically cause this s.....
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1088
Phreatic surface
1 - The upper limit of the zone of a groundwater body. 2 - See 2607 and 5269.
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1139
Potentiometric surface
The surface that represents the static head of groundwater.
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1158
Water surface slope
The inclination of the water surface expressed as change of elevation per unit of length. The tangent of the angle that the surface makes with the horizontal. .....
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1221
Surface float
A float with its greatest drag near the surface for measuring surface velocities.
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1222
Subsurface float
A float with its greatest drag below the surface for measuring subsurface velocities.
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1247
Surface water
Water that flows exclusively across the surface of the land from the place of introduction (as by precipitation) to the point of discharge......
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1268
Surface acre
The two dimensional water surface of a lake amounting to 43,560 square feet (4047 square metres).
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1449
Surface bend, or Free bend
A curved reach of a river, usually in alluvial material and. occurring where the stream slope is typically much flatter than the valley floor, and the stream length is much longer than the valley length......
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1508
Training wall
A structure built along or connected to the bank of a river substantially parallel to the direction of flow, e.g. an extension to a flank wall, intended to direct fast flow from a sluice or spillway away from erodible banks of a river or canal......
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1567
Rough log training wall
A type of bank protection used in New Zealand. It consists of pyramidal trestles, built of rough logs, with other logs wired from trestle to trestle on the side nearest to the river. Checking of the current by the log-grid causes a shingle deposit and so builds up a bank. (illustrated)......
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1630
Topsoil, or Surface soil
The layer of soil moved in cultivation; the A horizon. Presumably fertile soil material used to topdress roadbanks, gardens and lawns......
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1931
Wall pressure
Wall pressure is equal to and synonymous with turgor pressure for an isolated cell under equilibrium conditions.
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2164
Slick spots, Scab spots, or Buffalo wallows
Small areas in a field that are somewhat slick when wet due to alkali or high exchangeable sodium.
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2216
Breast wall
A low wall (retaining wall) built of masonry or concrete to retain the face of a natural or man made bank of earth or composite section of earth, masonry or concrete. In case of irrigation works it may also be provided at the end of an apron/platform to contain the pressure and can be in a submerged state too......
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