International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
1001
Fixed groundwater
Water held in saturated material with interstices so small that it is permanently attached to the pore walls or moves so slowly that it is usually not available as a source of water for pumping......
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1055
Fault dam spring
Groundwater discharge to the earth`s surface above a reverse fault, the depressed bedrock block being covered with a thick deposit of alluvium and the raised block presenting a barrier to the flow of groundwater......
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1077
Groundwater dam
A natural or artificial body of material that is impermeable or has only low permeability and which occurs below the surface in such a position that it impedes the horizontal movement of groundwater and consequently causes a pronounced difference in the level of the water table on its opposite sides......
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1237
Submerged weir, or Drowned weir
A weir  for which the water level on the downstream side at an elevation equal to, or higher than, the weir crest; the rate of discharge is affected by the tail water......
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1264
Retention dams
Small earthen dams designed to retain water for only short periods of time to prevent excessively rapid runoff and erosion......
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1284
Quondam
An outlet that is no longer functioning. .
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1354
Detention dam
A dam built to store streamflow or surface runoff and to control the release of such stored water.
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1355
Diversion dam
A barrier built across a stream to divert all or some of the water.
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1384
Sudd, or Sadd (Arabic : barrier or dam)
Large floating island of vegetative matter impending navigation on the Upper White Nile. Also an earthen embankment blocking a river or branch of a river or ring bund around a work under construction in the bed of a river......
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1561
Basket dam
A sack dam composed of boulders held in a woven wire sack and piled up to form a barrier or jetty.
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1562
Sausage dam
A type of deflection or diversion dam composed of layers of boulders, overlaid and held in place by hogwire fencing; distinguished from a basket dam in that the latter is a woven wire sack filled with boulders and piled up as in a sack dam. Both are especially adapted to jetties and river bank protection......
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1563
Crib, Crib dam, Pigsty work, Pigstying
A type of construction consisting of pieces of timber fixed together to form bays or cells which are filled with stone or other suitable material. May be of various shapes. Used for dams, groynes, bank protection, etc.; sometimes called `pigsty work` or `pigstying`, though the latter is also used for timber work similar to cribwork but without the .....
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1999
Sill dam
A dam, generally of strong brushwood mattress weighted with heavy rip-rap, constructed on the sea side in the foreground, for the purpose of guarding against scouring of the sea bottom by the overflowing water and consequent damage to the structures and other works......
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2245
Weir
1 - A low dam or wall across a stream to raise the upstream level (illustrated). Termed `fixed-crest weir` or `ungated weir` when uncontrolled. 2 - A structure built across a stream or channel for the purpose of measuring flow. Sometimes described as `measuring weir` or `gauging weir`. Types of measuring weir include `broad crested`, `sharp crested.....
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2247
Diversion weir
A low dam or wall across a stream for the purpose of diverting part or all the water from a stream into a canal.
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2248
Closed weir, Overflow diversion dam, Fixed crest weir, Blind weir, or Ungated weir
A low dam built as a complete obstruction across the river so that the entire stream flow can pass over it. It may or may not be fitted with crest gates; when not fitted with crest gates, it is also called `fixed crest weir`, or `blind weir`, or `ungated weir`......
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2249
Open weir, or Open diversion dam
A diversion weir across a river to produce least obstruction to the flow. It comprises undersluices and several other bays having falling shutters fitted on a permanent structure......
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2251
Pick-up weir, Regulating weir, or Regulating pondage weir
A diversion weir built downstream of and as an adjunct to a dam especially built when the areas to use the diverted water lie farther from the dam......
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2252
Subsidiary weir
A structure constructed downstream of the main weir or on the apron to increase the tail water level to ensure formation of a hydraulic jump whenever the tail water level is lower than required for hydraulic jump formation......
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2253
Siphon weir
A weir operating on the siphon principle. The siphonic arrangement is usually fitted in gravity weirs.
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2255
Fixed buttress weir, Ambursen dam or Ambursen weir
A fixed dam consisting of water-supporting upstream face supported by buttresses which are equally spaced walls or struts proportioned to transmit the water load and the weight of the structure, to the foundations. Note - It is classified as open or closed Ambursen weir according to the absence or provision of downstream face slab.(originated by Sw.....
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2256
Impermeable weir
A weir made up of impermeable material, such as rock, stone, brick masonry, concrete, steel, or timber. It can be of a fixed or movable type......
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2257
Impermeable fixed weir, or Solid fixed weir
A fixed weir whose water bearing surfaces are of watertight construction. It may be built with timber, masonry, concrete (plain or reinforced), steel, or combinations thereof......
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2258
Timber weir
A fixed weir where timber baulks, timber piling or timber surfaces primarily make the body of the weir watertight.
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2259
Piles weir
A semi-permeable weir when the desired water level raising is effected by driving piles.
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