International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
18
Systematic deterministic
A theory that predicts precisely how each observation will turn out, not merely what proportion of observations will in the long run turn out in each of a number of possible ways (See 19)......
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30
Systematic error
1 - An error which, for known changes in field conditions, undergoes proportional changes in magnitude and which, for unchanging conditions, remains unchanged, both in sign and magnitude. Because in given conditions, the sign of a systematic error remains the same, the separate errors in a series of measurements will be cumulative in their total ef.....
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336
Metric system
A decimal system of units based upon the metre as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of weight or mass, and the second as the unit of time......
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337
Foot-Pound-Second (FPS) system, or British system
A system of units having the foot as the unit of length, the pound as the unit of weight or mass, and the second as the unit of time......
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338
Centimetre-Gram-Second (CGS) system
A system of units based upon the centimetre as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of weight or mass and the second as the unit of time. In practice this system was enlarged by adding the kelvin, the candela and the mole as base units for the base quantities, temperature, luminous intensity and amount of substance respectively......
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339
Metre-Kilogram-Second (MKS) system
A system of units having the metre as a unit of length, the kilogram as the unit of weight or mass and the second as the unit of time......
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722
Stream
A body of flowing water. The term is usually applied to water flowing in a natural surface channel (water course, river), but is also applied to water flowing in an open or closed conduit, a well-defined sea or oceanic current and to a jet of water issuing from an opening; sometimes also for a body of underground-flowing water......
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730
Ephemeral stream
A stream or portion of a stream which flows only in direct response to precipitation and whose channel is completely dry at certain times......
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731
Perennial stream
A stream that flows throughout the year.
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857
Streamflow
Discharge flowing in a natural open channel.
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861
Bank storage
Water absorbed and stored in the bed and banks of a stream, lake, or reservoir as the surface level of the water body rises and returned in whole or in part as the surface level falls......
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955
Bankfull, or Bankfull stage
The stage attained by a stream when flowing at a capacity above which the natural banks overflow.
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1080
Interstream groundwater ridge
A ridge in the water table formed between two effluent streams, produced by percolation towards the surface streams with the development of a residual groundwater ridge between them (illustrated). .....
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1104
Influent stream, or Losing stream
A stream that contributes water to the zone of saturation.
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1105
Subterranean stream
A body of flowing water that passes through a very large interstice, such as a cave or cavern, or a group of large communicating interstices......
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1106
Effluent stream, or Gaining stream
1 - A stream fed by groundwater. 2 - A stream flowing out of another stream or out of a lake.
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1168
Stream gauging
The process of determining the discharge of water in an open channel, commonly as the product of flow velocity and cross-sectional area.  See also 1169......
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1313
Graded stream
A geomorphological term used for streams that have apparently attained a state of practical equilibrium between the rate of sediment transport and the rate of sediment supply, throughout in long reaches......
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1316
Poised river, or Stable stream
A river or stream which, as a whole, maintains its slopes, depths and channel dimensions without any noticeable raising or lowering of its bed. Such a river may temporarily suffer from a geological point of view, but for practical engineering purposes can be accepted as one of considerable stability......
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1320
Intermittent stream
A natural watercourse that is dry or ceases to flow during some portion of the year.
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1329
Sluggish stream
A stream is sluggish when the slopes decrease and the flood peaks occur slowly due to ageing of the stream or reduction or slowing down of flow by withdrawal or due to storage in the upstream reaches......
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1330
Flashy stream
Stream in which rapidly from the steep slopes of the catchment and flood peaks occur soon after the rain. The flows in such streams subside as rapidly as they collect......
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1332
Mature river, Old stream
A stream with reduced slope so that the water velocities are just sufficient to carry the detritus delivered by the tributaries, having steeper slopes than the main stream. When all channels, including wet weather rills are graded, the stream system is said to be `old`. `Old stream` has a wide floodplain, a broad meander belt, and gentle slopes......
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1337
Beheaded stream
A stream with original headwater drainage area, separated from it by another stream which is more active and has greater erosive power, now drains into the other stream......
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1350
Stream load
All rock fragments and dissolved substances from rocks moved along in the stream water.
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