International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)

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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
296
Cross section, or Transverse section
Section, cut cross-wise.
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1484
Groyne, Groin, Bankhead, Spur, Spur dike, Transverse dike, Jetty
1 - A structure built from the bank of a river in a direction transverse to the current. The groynes may be permeable, semi-permeable or impermeable. 2 - See 3479 and 8028......
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1485
Permeable spur
A spur made up of loose and permeable materials, such as loose rock or stones, timber, brushwood, crib, etc. suitable for rivers carrying heavy silt load......
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1486
Impermeable spur
A spur made up of earth or rockfill, armoured with resistant material like stone, wire boulder crates or cement concrete blocks......
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1487
Submerged spur
A spur having its top level below the high flood level.
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1488
Nonsubmerged spur
A spur having its top above the high flood level. Normally a free board of 1.5 m to 2.0 m is provided between the high flood level and top level of the nonsubmerged spur......
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1489
Sedimenting spur
A spur that accentuates silting in its upstream or downstream. Normally sedimenting spurs are kept normal to the flow and to the marginal or flood embankments......
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1490
Kinked spur
A Spur whose shank is kept normal to high bank and whose nose portion is kept normal to the river flow, where the high banks are not parallel to the river flow, thus making a kink at the junction of the shank and nose. (Illustrated).....
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1491
Denehy`s `T` headed spur
A spur having its nose in `T` shape. In such type of spurs both the noses of `T` are protected against scouring. (Illustrated).....
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1493
Slotted spur
An impermeable spur having slots at different elevations. Such spurs behave differently at different flood stages.
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1494
Balli spur, or Pile spur
A spur made of ballies or wooden piles connected by bracings and filled with alternate layers of stones or sand bags and rolls of bushwood......
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1495
Wire crate spur
A spur made of stones encased in well-knitted wire crates.
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1496
Cement concrete block spur
A spur made of cement concrete blocks arranged in form of steps.
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1500
Fending groyne, or Bankhead
Groyne which fends the current of flow of water and prevents erosion. Denehy`s groyne is an example of this type (illustrated)......
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1504
Low level groyne, Bed groyne, or Sedimentary groyne
A groyne built up slowly from the bed, for expansion and even reclamation over a large area.
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1509
Jetty
1 - An obstruction built of piles, rock, or other material extending into a stream or into the ocean from the bank or shore, placed to induce scouring or bank building, or to protect against erosion. 2 - A similar obstruction to influence river, lake, or tidal currents, or to protect a harbour. 3 - A wharf or pier. 4 - See 1484......
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1569
Anchored tree protection, or Tree spur
A type of construction in which branchy trees are placed against an eroding river bank, usually with their butts upstream, held in position by wire cables to anchors (posts, `deadmen`, etc.), in the river bank or weighted down by concrete blocks and wire cables or by stone mesh sausages......
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2239
Divide wall, Divide groyne, Division wall, or Dividing wall
A longitudinal wall or groyne separating the undersluices pocket section from the weir or barrage section (illustrated).
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2514
Transverse joint, or Transverse contraction joint
A joint perpendicular to the axis of the dam and extending entirely through the structure dividing it (structure) into separate blocks, to prevent haphazard transverse cracking due to contraction......
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2518
Transverse joint seal, or Sealing strip
Device provided in the transverse joint to prevent leakage of water from the reservoir. This seal is of copper, rubber, etc......
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2606
Transverse isotropy
The orientation of the particles of sediment in a direction more or less parallel to the horizontal planes.
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3592
Leading jetty, or Guard wall
A structure, e.g. a pier or mole, provided at the outer and inner ends of a lock for smoother and gentle lead into or out of the lock, to protect entry and exit of vessels, or to provide tying up berths or mooring space against adverse currents and tides (illustrated)......
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3628
Crosswall, or Transverse wall
The wall that forms the drop from the upper sill to the chamber floor (illustrated).
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3662
Direct outlet, or Spur off-take
An outlet built in a main or principal canal, branch canal or major lateral.
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3884
Pool and jet fishway, or Pool and transverse fish pass
A fish ladder that consists of a series of pools in a stepped arrangement from tailwater to headwater. The flow from pool to pool may be over solid obstacles, or through notches or orifices in the obstacles, or a combination of these two......
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