International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
357
Electric capacitance (F)
It is the capacitance of a capacitor between the plates of when there appears a difference of potential of one volt when it is charged by electricity equal to one coulomb. Unit of electric capacitance is farad......
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376
Heat capacity, Entropy
img:equations//374_380_e.jpg
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377
Specific heat capacity
img:equations//374_380_e.jpg
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739
Ice cover
Ice on the water surface of a lake or stream.
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740
Ice fringe
Ice deposit of moisture, not hoarfrost, exuded from stems of plants.
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741
Sheet ice
Ice formed in a smooth thin layer on the surface of the water in lakes and streams by the coagulation of frazil ice during rapid freezing.  Sheet ice attached to the stream margins is known as border ice, while moving sheet ice is known as skim ice or pan ice......
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742
Cat ice, or Shell ice
An unbroken ice sheet on a body of water under which the water level has receded, so that a cavity is formed between the water surface and the ice......
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743
Slush ice
A floating agglomeration of flocs of frazil ice.
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744
Ice storm
Storm characterized by occurrence of a glaze.
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745
Glaze, Clear ice, Black ice or Freezing rain
A generally homogeneous and transparent ice layer deposited by drizzle or rain that is supercooled on surfaces having temperature below  0oC ; it may also be produced by non-supercooled drizzle or rain falling on the surface having temperature below 0oC and starting to freeze at once.  Rime ice is softer and less transparent than glaze......
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746
Subsurface ice, or Interstitial ice
Ice that occurs below the surface of the lithosphere. It may be formed by the freezing of saturated or unsaturated rock or soil, or by the covering of a bed of surface ice or snow by a mantle of rock debris......
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747
Anchor ice
Ice formed below the surface of a stream  on underwater objects. It is caused by adherence of frazil ice crystals or, in the case of very turbulent streams, by supercooled surface waters being transported to a considerable depth......
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748
Frazil ice
Fine spicules of ice in suspension in water caused by supercooling and nucleation at the air-water interface.
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749
Ice gorge, or Ice jam
A temporary dam that restricts flow. Caused by a stationary accumulation of fragmented ice or frazil.
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874
Infiltration capacity
The maximum rate at which a given soil in a given condition can absorb rain as it falls, or irrigation water as it is applied......
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890
Evaporativity, Evaporative capacity, Evaporation power, Potential rate of evaporation, or Evaporation potential
Rate of evaporation under existing atmospheric conditions from a free surface of water that is chemically pure and has the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere......
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954
Channel capacity
The maximum flow which a given channel is capable of carrying without overtopping its banks.
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985
Pendular stage, Funicular stage, Capillary stage
Term suggested by Versluys who distinguished three stages in the zone of aeration: the pendular stage, the funicular stage and the capillary stage. In the first, the water particles surround the points of contact of the solid particles, forming separate rings. In the second, these water rings fit together and, in the third, they will fill the capil.....
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988
Capillary groundwater, or Fringe water
Water in the capillary fringe.
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1033
Interstice, or Void (in a rock, or soil)
A space in a rock or soil, that is not occupied by solid matter.
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1044
Artesian capacity
The rate at which a well will yield water at the ground surface as the result of artesian pressure.
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1097
Field capacity, Normal field capacity, Normal moisture capacity, Maximum field carrying capacity, Field capillary (moisture) capacity, Effective water-holding capacity, Specific retention
1 - The amount of water held in the soil after the excess gravitational water has drained away and after the rate of downward movement of water has materially decreased. Essentially the same as `specific retention`, a more general term used in studies of groundwater, except that specific retention is generally given as a percentage by volume wherea.....
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1224
Captive float, or Reefing float
A type of stream gauging float having buoyancy chamber that supports a canvas skirt having stiffening rings at intervals. The overall length of the float is adjusted, so as just to clear the stream bed, by reefing the skirt and clamping against the buoyancy chamber......
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1336
River capture, or River piracy
Process by which one river having better rapid power of erosion than another, cuts into the headwaters of the latter and takes over some of its tributaries......
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1526
Bank sluice
An opening controlled by shutters or gates in the marginal embankment which are opened during high floods.
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