International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
54
Annual-flood peak series
The tabulation or graph in order of decreasing magnitude of the maximum peak floods of each year.
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739
Ice cover
Ice on the water surface of a lake or stream.
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740
Ice fringe
Ice deposit of moisture, not hoarfrost, exuded from stems of plants.
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741
Sheet ice
Ice formed in a smooth thin layer on the surface of the water in lakes and streams by the coagulation of frazil ice during rapid freezing.  Sheet ice attached to the stream margins is known as border ice, while moving sheet ice is known as skim ice or pan ice......
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742
Cat ice, or Shell ice
An unbroken ice sheet on a body of water under which the water level has receded, so that a cavity is formed between the water surface and the ice......
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743
Slush ice
A floating agglomeration of flocs of frazil ice.
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744
Ice storm
Storm characterized by occurrence of a glaze.
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745
Glaze, Clear ice, Black ice or Freezing rain
A generally homogeneous and transparent ice layer deposited by drizzle or rain that is supercooled on surfaces having temperature below  0oC ; it may also be produced by non-supercooled drizzle or rain falling on the surface having temperature below 0oC and starting to freeze at once.  Rime ice is softer and less transparent than glaze......
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746
Subsurface ice, or Interstitial ice
Ice that occurs below the surface of the lithosphere. It may be formed by the freezing of saturated or unsaturated rock or soil, or by the covering of a bed of surface ice or snow by a mantle of rock debris......
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747
Anchor ice
Ice formed below the surface of a stream  on underwater objects. It is caused by adherence of frazil ice crystals or, in the case of very turbulent streams, by supercooled surface waters being transported to a considerable depth......
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748
Frazil ice
Fine spicules of ice in suspension in water caused by supercooling and nucleation at the air-water interface.
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749
Ice gorge, or Ice jam
A temporary dam that restricts flow. Caused by a stationary accumulation of fragmented ice or frazil.
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921
Design flood hydrograph, Inflow Design Flood
The hydrograph of flow adopted to represent limiting volumes and concentration of runoff for use in determining design capacities of spillways for dams, etc., or other hydraulic studies......
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945
Flash flood
A flood of short duration and abrupt rise with a relatively high peak  discharge, usually resulting from a high intensity of rainfall over a small area......
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946
Flood stage
The elevation of the water surface fixed by local usage above which the stream is considered to be in flood.
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947
Maximum probable flood
Greatest flood that may be expected, taking into account all pertinent factors of location, meteorology, hydrology and terrain......
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948
N-Year flood
A flood which has a probability of being equalled or exceeded once every N-years or has one chance in N of occurring in any one year......
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949
Design flood
1 – Flood discharge taking into account economic and hydrological factors, adopted for the design of a hydraulic structure or river control work. 2 – The flood adopted to control the design of a structure. 3 – The flood against which a given area is to be protected......
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951
Sharp-crested flood
Flood of short duration with a relatively high peak discharge.
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952
Sheet flood
A flood which spreads as a thin sheet of water over a large area and is not concentrated in channels. Sheet floods are of short duration, generally being measured in minutes or hours, and the water is always muddy......
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953
Flood frequency
Over a period of many years, the average number of times a flood of a given magnitude is likely to occur.
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956
Flood wave
Rise of streamflow to a maximum crest and its subsequent recession, caused by a period of precipitation, snow melt, dam failure or hydroelectric plant release......
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1033
Interstice, or Void (in a rock, or soil)
A space in a rock or soil, that is not occupied by solid matter.
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1526
Bank sluice
An opening controlled by shutters or gates in the marginal embankment which are opened during high floods.
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1530
Crevasse, or Crevice
A breach in a levee or river embankment.
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