International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
561
Moment of force (torque or impact)
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870
Absorption loss
Seepage into the bed of a canal that occurs shortly after water is turned into the dry canal (as the canal is being primed). (See 4000). .....
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1123
Aquifer loss
The head loss at a pumped or overflowing well associated with groundwater flow through the aquifer to the well face.
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1150
Head loss (in an aquifer)
The difference in height of the groundwater table in different parts of the same aquifer resulting from resistance to flow through the aquifer......
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2813
Impact stilling basin, or Impact basin
A type of stilling basin to serve the need for relatively smaller basins for the energy dissipation independent of tail water variations or any tail water at all (illustrated)......
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3059
Impact
The striking together of two or more solid bodies or streams of fluid resulting in energy loss or more accurately, energy transformation......
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3060
Impact loss
The head lost as a result of the impact of particles of water; included in and scarcely distinguishable from eddy loss.
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3061
Impact pressure
The pressure acting at the forward stagnation point of a body, such as a Pitot tube, placed in liquid current. Impact pressure may be measured from an arbitrary datum pressure......
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3084
Head loss, or Loss of head
1 - Energy lost (converted into heat) as the result of friction, impact or eddies, expressed as a `head` per unit of flow. 2 - See 4223 and 4560......
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3362
Energy loss in hydraulic jump
The difference in specific energies before and after the jump.
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3377
Entrance loss
The head lost in internal friction and external friction at the inlet to a conduit.
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3414
Transition energy loss, or Transition loss
The sum of the friction loss and the conversion loss in a transition, usually expressed in terms of head of water.
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3415
Conversion loss
The loss of energy due to change in velocity at the entrance and exit section of the transition, usually expressed in terms of head of water......
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3695
Minimum modular head, or Minimum modular loss
That difference of water level or pressure between supply and delivery sides, that is the minimum necessary to enable a module or semi-module to work as designed......
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4000
Absorption losses
Losses of water from a canal or reservoir by capillary action and percolation, and, in the case of a canal, during the process of priming.(See 870)......
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4001
Priming losses, or Seepage losses
Absorption losses in a canal during the process of priming. After a canal has reached a stable condition, these losses are called `seepage losses`......
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4002
Canal evaporation losses
Losses due to evaporation from the water surfaces of canal flows; generally accounted for in total losses.
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4003
Conveyance losses, Transmission losses, Total losses, or Canal losses
The total losses by percolation and evaporation in a canal system, a branch, a distributary channel or a defined part thereof, exclusive of all designed draw-offs. Also referred to as `total losses` or `canal losses`. (See. 4898)......
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4094
Loss control
Operation of a system to minimize water loss by continuous monitoring of conditions and regulating water deliveries to meet demands as closely as possible. The operation may be enhanced by use of automated equipment......
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4131
Loss-probability relationship
The relationship between event losses and flood probability.
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4141
Tangible losses and benefits
Flood damages and benefits that are capable of being assessed in terms of money.
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4223
Lost head, or Well losses
1 - The difference in elevations between the water level inside a hypothetical ideal well without losses having the same radius as the real well and the actual level in the well. Such losses occur in artesian as well as in non-artesian wells (illustrated). 2 - See 3084 and 4560......
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4225
Entry loss
Loss of head due to the flow of water towards and through the rather limited open areas into wells or drain lines.
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4560
Lost head, or Head loss
1 - The head lost by flow in a stream or conduit in overcoming resistance to its motion, such as friction, bends, expansions, obstruction, impact. 2 - See 3084 and 4223......
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4708
Control of blooming (blossoming) by sprinkling
Very light and very frequent irrigations carried out at the end of winter during the hot hours of the day and permitting to cool down the micro-climate of an orchard with a view to delaying the vegetative cycle and avoiding the damages that a spring frost may cause on a more advanced vegetation......
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