International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
275
Bunching, or Clustering
In a systematically oscillating pattern, where signs (or symbols) occur in concentration, they are said to be `bunching` or `clustering`......
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324
Engineering maps
Maps for engineering projects, designed to show accurate horizontal and vertical survey control data, natural features, engineering works and services and other specific information relating to the site or along the right of way......
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680
Engineering hydrology
The application of hydrological principles to problems posed by civil engineering structures.
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740
Ice fringe
Ice deposit of moisture, not hoarfrost, exuded from stems of plants.
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793
Rain recording gauge, Rain recorder, Self-registering gauge, pluviograph
A recording instrument for measuring rainfall.
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942
Thomas-Fiering model
Auto-regressive scheme to generate annual and monthly flows.
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980
Zone of weathering
The outer layer of the earth crust of the earth, including the exposed surface and that part which, as a result of porosity, cracking, and jointing, is subject to the destructive action of atmospheric influence, rain, frost and oxidation......
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988
Capillary groundwater, or Fringe water
Water in the capillary fringe.
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995
Gravity spring
1 - The localised seepage of groundwater from an outcropping aquifer. 2 - A spring whose water flows from permeable material, or from openings in a rock formation entirely under the action of gravity......
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1026
Water-bearing media or Water-bearing strata
A formation that contains groundwater. It is usually applied to formations from which the groundwater may be extracted by pumping, drainage, etc......
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1048
Spring
1 - A surface where, without the agency of man, water issues from a rock or soil on to the land or into a body of water, the place of issuance being relatively restricted in size. Springs are classified in accordance with many criteria, including character of water, geologic formation, geographical location. 2 - Pertaining to tides which have an in.....
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1049
Alluvial-slope spring, Boundary spring, or Border spring
A spring that occurs on the lower slope of an alluvial cone at the point where the water table slope and the surface gradient are equal. This point is often located at the point of gradation from pervious sand with a flat water table slope to less pervious alluvial material which calls for a steep slope to carry the water supplied from above......
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1050
Artesian spring
A spring whose water issues under artesian pressure, generally through some fissure or other opening in the confining bed that overlies the aquifer......
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1051
Barrier spring
A spring that occurs when a raising of the confining bed forces the groundwater to rise to ground surface.
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1054
Channel spring
Groundwater discharge to the soil surface caused by the depression of a thalweg in an erosion or alluvial plain (See 1057)......
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1055
Fault dam spring
Groundwater discharge to the earth`s surface above a reverse fault, the depressed bedrock block being covered with a thick deposit of alluvium and the raised block presenting a barrier to the flow of groundwater......
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1056
Fault spring, or Fissure spring
Spring fed by deep groundwater, usually hot and mineralized, connected with a recent fault of great throw.
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1057
Valley spring
Groundwater discharge to the earth`s surface caused by a sudden change of slope on the side of an erosion valley (See 1054)......
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1058
Cliff spring
A spring occurring at the base of a cliff, where the water table is intersected by the face of the cliff.
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1059
Contact spring
A spring whose water flows to the surface from permeable material over an outcrop of less permeable or impermeable material that retards or prevents the downward percolation of the groundwater and thus deflects it to the surface......
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1060
Depression spring
A spring occurring in any small depression reaching below the water table.
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1061
Dimple spring
Groundwater that flows to the surface from permeable material because the land surface extends down to or below the water table......
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1062
Periodic spring, or Intermittent springs
1 - A spring that has periods of relatively large continuous discharge occurring at more or less regular and frequent intervals. Such springs may be classified as perennial or intermittent. While the discharge of such a spring somewhat resembles that of a geyser in its rhythmic action, such discharge is due to an entirely different cause.  2 – Se.....
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1063
Knoll spring, or Mound spring
A spring occurring on the top of a small knoll or mound, produced, wholly or in part, by precipitation of mineral matter from the spring water; or by vegetation and sediments blown in by the wind - a method of growth common in arid regions......
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1064
Seepage spring, or Filtration spring
A spring whose water percolates from numerous small openings in permeable material.
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