International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)

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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
115
Analysis of variance
A separation into components associated with defined sources of variation, of the total variation displayed by a set of observations, as measured by the sums of squares of deviations from the mean......
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221
Consumer`s risk point
A point on the operating characteristic curve corresponding to the predetermined and usually low probability of acceptance. This probability is then called the `consumer`s risk` and the corresponding lot quality is called the `limiting quality`. In practical applications the consumer`s risk is usually specified at 10% or 5%, or less......
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232
Correlation analysis
The statistical methods to test the closeness with which two (or more) phenomena co-vary.
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964
Risk analysis
Qualification of the various sources of uncertainty in risk prediction and comparison of relative risk.
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1650
Mechanical analysis, or Physical analysis
The process of separating a soil by mechanical means into various sized particle groups according to an effective diameter......
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1651
Sedimentation analysis
Separation of particles depending on the rate of settling in a fluid.
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2566
Gravity method (two-dimensional method of analysis)
A method for stress analysis of gravity dams assuming the structure of the dam to be composed of vertical cantilever elements that act independently of each other while the vertical stress varies linearly......
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2577
Cracked cantilever analysis
In thin arch dams the applied radial loads tend to produce tension in the cantilevers. Since ordinary concrete is usually not assumed to have a tensile strength more than a specified value (say, 20 kg/cm2) and when this specified value of stress is exceeded all the cantilevers in tension may be assumed to be cracked to the point of zero stress so t.....
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4117
Flood risk
A measure of the seriousness of the flood hazard : 1 - The chance of experiencing a flood. Risk is usually expressed in terms of the return period of peak discharges, but velocities, sediment loads and depths are sometimes also used in identifying risk zones. An assessment of risk may also be based on the life and property exposed. 2 - The probabil.....
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4121
Vulnerability analysis
A method for determining the degree to which land uses/activities are prone to flooding disruption.
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4134
Risk averse
A description of individuals who prefer certainty to a risk with the same expected value.
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4135
Risk neutral
A description of individuals who try to maximise the expected value of possible outcomes.
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4136
Risk seeking
A description of individuals who prefer to accept the possibility of a less likely event, but with possible higher reward, rather than certainty with the probable same expected value......
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7493
Environmental analysis
The means to determine whether an action under consideration will have a significant effect on the environment. Evaluation of the short- and long‑term, primary and secondary environmental effects of an action......
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7505
Environmental impact analysis
A more‑or‑less formal consideration of the interaction of a proposed human activity with environmental elements that might be affected by the activity. Includes a determination of the probable effect of the activity on social and economic conditions.  Assessment of impact generally involves two major elements ‑ a quantitative measure of magni.....
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7527
Risk factor
A characteristic or variable associated with increased probability of a toxic effect.
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7528
Risk assessment
A qualitative or quantitative evaluation of the environmental and/or health risk resulting from exposure to a chemical or physical pollutant; combines exposure and toxicity assessment results to estimate risk......
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7836
Acceptable risk
The level of loss a society or community considers acceptable given existing social, economic, political, cultural, technical and environmental conditions. .....
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7852
Disaster risk management
The systematic process of using administrative decisions, organization, operational skills and capacities to implement policies, strategies and coping capacities of the society and communities to lessen the impacts of natural hazards and related environmental and technological disasters. .....
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7856
Flood risk
The likelihood of a flood event of a certain severity together with the estimated damage to human health, the environment and economic activity associated with a flood event of that severity......
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7860
Hazard analysis
Identification, studies and monitoring of any hazard to determine its potential, origin, characteristics and behaviour.
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7872
Public awareness, risk communication
The processes of informing the general population, to increase levels of consciousness about risks and how people can act to reduce their exposure to hazards. .....
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7875
Residual risk, remaining risk
Risk that remains even after all appropriate protective measures are taken.  This consists of three parts, namely the accepted risk, the unknown risk, which is beyond cognitive capacity, and the risk due to inappropriate measures or wrong decisions e.g. during disaster response.  The accepted risk corresponds to the level of loss a society or commu.....
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7880
Risk
1 - The probability of harmful consequences, or expected losses (deaths, injuries, property, livelihoods, economic activity disrupted or environment damaged) resulting from interactions between natural or human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions.  2 - A combination of the probability and frequency of occurrence of harm being realised from a .....
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7881
Risk assessment/analysis
A methodology to determine the nature and extent of risk by analysing potential hazards and evaluating existing conditions of vulnerability that could pose a potential threat or harm to people, property, livelihoods and the environment on which they depend. .....
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