International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
198
Maximum likelihood method
The method of estimating a parameter (or parameters) of a population by that value (or values) which maximizes (or maximize) the likelihood of a sample......
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243
Least square method
A method of determining the arbitrary constants in the equation of a curve, based upon the principle that the most probable value of a quantity to be deduced from a set of measurements is obtained by making the sum of the squares of the residual (deviations from it) a minimum......
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265
Freehand method
A method of describing the relationship in a series of data, ordered in time or space, whereby the general trend is estimated by drawing a line freehand through or near the series of plotted observations. Hence `freehand fit`......
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268
Moving average method of fit
The averaging at the central year of a series of overlapping means to smooth out, or damp down, undue high and low, short-term values. Hence, the `moving average fit`. (See also 279)......
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861
Bank storage
Water absorbed and stored in the bed and banks of a stream, lake, or reservoir as the surface level of the water body rises and returned in whole or in part as the surface level falls......
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955
Bankfull, or Bankfull stage
The stage attained by a stream when flowing at a capacity above which the natural banks overflow.
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1171
Cloud-velocity gauging, Allen`s method of velocity gauging, Colour-velocity gauging
A method of determining the velocity of a slug of dye between two stations in the channel. This velocity, assumed to be the mean velocity of flow, multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the channel, gives the discharge. `Allen`s method` and `colour-velocity method` are different forms of cloud-velocity gauging......
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1232
Integration method of velocity measurement
A means of determining the mean velocity at a vertical depth of a stream by noting the total number of revolutions of a current meter vane and the time consumed, while the meter is slowly lowered from the surface to the bed and returned one or more times......
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1370
Sanding
Accretion of sand.
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1427
Concave (river) bank
The bank on the outside of a river bend. The radius of a concave bank is generally greater than that of the convex bank.
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1428
Convex (river) bank
The bank on the inside of a river bend (vs. concave bank).
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1455
Bankful discharge
Discharge corresponding to the state at which the river berms are about to be submerged.
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1484
Groyne, Groin, Bankhead, Spur, Spur dike, Transverse dike, Jetty
1 - A structure built from the bank of a river in a direction transverse to the current. The groynes may be permeable, semi-permeable or impermeable. 2 - See 3479 and 8028......
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1500
Fending groyne, or Bankhead
Groyne which fends the current of flow of water and prevents erosion. Denehy`s groyne is an example of this type (illustrated)......
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1507
Stem bank, or Shank
Embankment connecting a groyne head to the river bank or marginal bund (illustrated).
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1524
Retired embankment
An embankment built at a distance from the river edge behind an existing embankment as a second line of defence. (illustrated)......
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1526
Bank sluice
An opening controlled by shutters or gates in the marginal embankment which are opened during high floods.
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1527
Guide bank, or Bell`s bund
A protective or training embankment constructed at the side of a weir, bridge, etc., to guide the river into the waterway in the structure; named after Mr. J.R. Bell who designed such bunds (illustrated)......
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1531
Blow-outs, Sand boils, or Boils
Bubbling springs carrying a volume of sand occurring behind levees, fed by channels through or under the levees.
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1533
Bank protection
1 - A kind of engineering work which aims at protecting the banks of a river, or slopes of embankments along it, from erosion by the current of flow. 2 - See 7986......
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1534
Bank revetment
A type of bank protection continuously covering the entire slope of a bank or an embankment, including the portions extending far into the river bed, to protect the bank from erosion. Bank revetment somewhat resembles canal lining, the difference being that the latter aims at stopping or lessening the seepage of water from a canal into the ground, .....
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1535
Bank paving
The part of revetment extending from the mattress to the top of the banks. See 1544.
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1537
Upper bank
The portion of the river bank that is located above the low water level and below the foreshore level. See 1538.
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1538
Lower bank
The portion of a bank below low water level often extending quite a distance horizontally to the river bed. See 1537.
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1539
Direct bank protection
Kind of works on the bank itself, such as slope protection of embankment and upper bank and toe protection of lower bank against erosion, and grading of sloping surface or provision of drainage layers, to ensure stability against seepage and saturation......
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