International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
198
Maximum likelihood method
The method of estimating a parameter (or parameters) of a population by that value (or values) which maximizes (or maximize) the likelihood of a sample......
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243
Least square method
A method of determining the arbitrary constants in the equation of a curve, based upon the principle that the most probable value of a quantity to be deduced from a set of measurements is obtained by making the sum of the squares of the residual (deviations from it) a minimum......
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265
Freehand method
A method of describing the relationship in a series of data, ordered in time or space, whereby the general trend is estimated by drawing a line freehand through or near the series of plotted observations. Hence `freehand fit`......
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268
Moving average method of fit
The averaging at the central year of a series of overlapping means to smooth out, or damp down, undue high and low, short-term values. Hence, the `moving average fit`. (See also 279)......
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342
Base units
The seven fundamental units of measurement upon which the International System of Units is based viz. Length (metre), weight mass (kilogram), time (second), electric current (ampere), thermodynamic temperature (kelvin), amount of substance (mole) and luminous intensity (candela)......
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350
Supplementary units
The SI units radian and steradian are called supplementary units. They are `dimensionless` derived units (more precisely, derived units of dimension one) with special names and symbols. Although the coherent unit for plane angle and for solid angle is expressed by the number 1, it is convenient to use the special names radian (rad) and steradian (s.....
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351
Derived units
Derived units are expressed algebraically in terms of base units. Their symbols are obtained by means of the mathematical signs of multiplication and division. The expression for the coherent derived units in terms of base units can be obtained from the dimensional products by using the following format substitution : L-->m, M-->kg, T-->s, I-->A, Q.....
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382
Non-SI units
There are certain units, recognized by the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) as having to be retained because of their practical importance (as given in the following tables)......
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410
Unified atomic mass unit
The unified atomic mass unit is equal to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of the nuclide 12C.
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577
British thermal units
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578
British Thermal Units
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579
British thermal units
img:equations//566_595_e.jpg
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910
Coefficient of permeability, Hydraulic conductivity, Coefficient of conductivity, Unit of permeability, Transmission constant, Coefficient of transmission
1   The rate at which groundwater flows through a soil in response to a given hydraulic head. 2   The rate of flow of a fluid through a unit cross section of a porous mass under a unit hydraulic gradient, at a specified temperature. 3 - See 6497......
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923
Unit hydrograph, or Unit graph (USA)
Hydrograph of direct runoff resulting from a unit amount of effective rainfall generated uniformly over a watershed during a specified duration......
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929
Synthetic unit hydrograph
A unit hydrograph developed on the basis of an estimation of coefficients expressing various physical features of a catchment......
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1171
Cloud-velocity gauging, Allen`s method of velocity gauging, Colour-velocity gauging
A method of determining the velocity of a slug of dye between two stations in the channel. This velocity, assumed to be the mean velocity of flow, multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the channel, gives the discharge. `Allen`s method` and `colour-velocity method` are different forms of cloud-velocity gauging......
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1232
Integration method of velocity measurement
A means of determining the mean velocity at a vertical depth of a stream by noting the total number of revolutions of a current meter vane and the time consumed, while the meter is slowly lowered from the surface to the bed and returned one or more times......
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1384
Sudd, or Sadd (Arabic : barrier or dam)
Large floating island of vegetative matter impending navigation on the Upper White Nile. Also an earthen embankment blocking a river or branch of a river or ring bund around a work under construction in the bed of a river......
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1674
Prismatic structure, Columnar structure
Structure with vertically elongated aggregates in the shape of prisms; where the prisms are rounded at the top, they are designated `columnar`......
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1958
Baule unit
Named after the scientist Baule, a unit of growth factor that will produce 50 per cent of the maximum possible yield or yield-producing capacity......
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2062
Warping, or Commutation method
A process of allowing the tide to overflow low lying lands so as to deposit thereon the silt which it carries in suspension......
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2255
Fixed buttress weir, Ambursen dam or Ambursen weir
A fixed dam consisting of water-supporting upstream face supported by buttresses which are equally spaced walls or struts proportioned to transmit the water load and the weight of the structure, to the foundations. Note - It is classified as open or closed Ambursen weir according to the absence or provision of downstream face slab.(originated by Sw.....
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2284
Method of independent variables, or Khosla`s method of determination of uplift pressures and exit gradients
It is an empirical method evolved by an Indian Engineer A N Khosla for determining uplift pressures with high accuracy for a weir founded on permeable soils. The complex foundation profile is broken up into a number of simple profiles, each of which is independently amenable to mathematical treatment......
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2337
Buttress dam
A dam usually of reinforced concrete, consisting of upstream face or deck and buttresses. The water bearing members (upstream face or deck) are supported upon the buttresses and span between them. The load is tranferred to the foundations through the buttresses......
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2338
Buttress
A masonry or concrete pier built normal to a face or a wall while the retained material resists the pressure transmitted by the wall or face......
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