International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
370
Pressure
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430
Pressure
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550
Pressure
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886
Vapour pressure
The partial pressure of water vapour in the air or atmosphere.
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1038
Artesian pressure
Pressure of the artesian water.
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1040
Isopiestic line, or Pressure surface contour
Contour drawn on the piezometric surface of an artesian aquifer.
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1041
Pressure surface map
A map showing the contours of the pressure surface of a confined water system.
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1043
Piezometric surface, or Pressure surface
1 - An imaginary surface that everywhere coincides with the head of the water in an aquifer. 2 - See 5272.
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1508
Training wall
A structure built along or connected to the bank of a river substantially parallel to the direction of flow, e.g. an extension to a flank wall, intended to direct fast flow from a sluice or spillway away from erodible banks of a river or canal......
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1567
Rough log training wall
A type of bank protection used in New Zealand. It consists of pyramidal trestles, built of rough logs, with other logs wired from trestle to trestle on the side nearest to the river. Checking of the current by the log-grid causes a shingle deposit and so builds up a bank. (illustrated)......
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1631
Plough soil, Plowsole pan, or Induced pressure
A surface horizon or soil layer having a higher bulk density and a lower total porosity than the soil above or below it, as a result of pressure that has been applied by normal tillage operations or by other artificial means . Frequently referred to as plow pan, plowsole or traffic pan......
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1931
Wall pressure
Wall pressure is equal to and synonymous with turgor pressure for an isolated cell under equilibrium conditions.
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1932
Turgor pressure
The hydrostatic pressure in the liquid system within the plant cell.
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1933
Diffusion-pressure deficit
Diffusion-pressure deficit of water in a given system (in the soil or in a plant cell) is the amount in atmospheres, by which its diffusion pressure is less than that of pure water......
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1938
Root pressure
The force set up by the root which assists water to ascend the root and the stem. It is caused partly by the establishment of an osmotic gradient from the root hair to the pericycle of the roots......
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2164
Slick spots, Scab spots, or Buffalo wallows
Small areas in a field that are somewhat slick when wet due to alkali or high exchangeable sodium.
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2216
Breast wall
A low wall (retaining wall) built of masonry or concrete to retain the face of a natural or man made bank of earth or composite section of earth, masonry or concrete. In case of irrigation works it may also be provided at the end of an apron/platform to contain the pressure and can be in a submerged state too......
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2217
Face wall
A wall (retaining wall) built of masonry or concrete having different material on the front and back. When applied to irrigation, it is provided immediately above the face of a submerged orifice, opening or sluice......
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2218
Panel wall
A non-bearing partition between columns and/or piers. In irrigation context it is a distinct wall in between the two supports or either ends......
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2221
Wing wall
1 - The wall of a dam structure extending from the headwall downstream a distance equal to the length of the apron, constructed to prevent sloughing of banks or channels and to direct and confine overfall. Wall (s) joining the abutments of a structure to an earthdike or the bank to increase the length of percolation-path around the end of a structu.....
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2223
Inlet wing wall, or Upstream wing wall
Wing wall connecting the abutments with the banks of the parent channel or the banks upstream of the structure.
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2224
Outlet wing wall, or Downstream wing wall
Wing wall connecting the abutments with the offtaking channel section downstream of the structure.
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2225
Flank wall
The retaining wall in continuation of abutments both upstream and downstream.
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2226
Curtain wall, or Cutoff wall
1 - A cross wall built under the floor of a hydraulic structure with the object of dividing the work into suitable compartments. 2 - A thin wall or footing constructed downward from, under or around the headwall and lipwall of a dam or any other hydraulic structure to provide resistance to seepage or to increase the path of seepage is called a cut-.....
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2227
Toe wall
A low wall built of masonry or concrete or stones without using mortar, below the bed or floor level to provide footing for the sloped pitching or face of an embankment......
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