International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage

Multilingual Technical Dictionary (MTD)
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Term No.Term Name/Term DescriptionAction
33
Sample size
The expanse of sampling units which are to be included in the sample.
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72
Lorenz curve
The degree of inequality in a distribution series is sometimes depicted by a Lorenz curve. The percentage cumulative observations are plotted against the percentage cumulative frequencies. In addition, a diagonal is drawn from the origin to the point of 100 per cent frequency - 100 per cent observations to represent the extreme condition of a compl.....
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134
Standardized averages, or Standardized means
A method of allowing or `adjusting` the effects of other variables, or for differences in the composition of the groups that are to be compared, by using a standard set of weights to combine the means of sub-groups into a single mean. Used mainly for the construction of index numbers......
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136
Randomization
A set of objects arranged in a random order. See 280 for application of `randomization` to design of experiments and investigations......
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158
Laplace-Gauss standardized distribution
The probability distribution of a pair of standardized normal variates. For a pair of normal variates (X, Y ) of parameters (mx , my) and (sx and sy) the corresponding standardized variates are .....
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177
Z – Distribution
The distribution of a logarithmic transformation of a variance ratio. If there are two independent estimates of the population variance S12 and S22 based on n1 and n2 degrees of freedom, the Z -function is defined as .....
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280
Randomization
1 - A sampling technique ensuring that no bias affects the differences between the two means, choosing as statistical individuals clusters that are statistically independent, and ensuring that the probabilities of being subjected to like treatment are equal for every relevant pair of objects in the experiment. 2 - See 136......
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297
Horizontal section
Section cut through the object horizontally.
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384
Zetta
img:equations//383_402_e.jpg
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401
Zepto
img:equations//383_402_e.jpg
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521
16 Ounces (oz)
img:equations//521_526_e.jpg
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538
1 dozen
img:equations//538_542_e.jpg
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708
Zero moisture index
The index of moisture when the precipitation analysed month by month is just adequate to supply all water needed for maximum evaporation and transpiration in the course of a year......
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745
Glaze, Clear ice, Black ice or Freezing rain
A generally homogeneous and transparent ice layer deposited by drizzle or rain that is supercooled on surfaces having temperature below  0oC ; it may also be produced by non-supercooled drizzle or rain falling on the surface having temperature below 0oC and starting to freeze at once.  Rime ice is softer and less transparent than glaze......
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748
Frazil ice
Fine spicules of ice in suspension in water caused by supercooling and nucleation at the air-water interface.
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769
Tropical cyclone, Tropical revolving storm, Hurricane, Taino, Cordonazo, Typhoon, Baguio, Baruio, Willy-willy
A revolving storm originating over the ocean in the doldrum belt of general circulation. Known by various names in different parts of the world - hurricane in the Caribbean and western parts of the Atlantic Ocean, also taino in Haiti, cordonazo in the west coast of Mexico, typhoon in Japan and adjacent seas of south-eastern Asia, baguio or baruio i.....
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796
Totalizer, or Storage rain gauge
A type of rain gauge which totalizes the quantity of precipitation.
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834
Blizzard
An intensely cold high wind carrying fine snow which results in reduced visibility.
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978
Zone of rock fracture
The upper part of the lithosphere, in which rocks are under stresses less than those required to close their interstices by deformation of the walls of the interstices. It is the part of the lithosphere between the surface of the earth and the lower limit of the porous water-bearing rock formations......
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979
Zone of aeration, Aeration zone, Zone of suspended water, or Unsaturated zone
That portion of the lithosphere in which the functional interstices of permeable rock or earth are not (except temporarily) filled with water under hydrostatic pressure; that is, the interstices are either not filled with water or are filled or partly filled with water that is held by capillarity. The zone of aeration comprises the area where fring.....
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980
Zone of weathering
The outer layer of the earth crust of the earth, including the exposed surface and that part which, as a result of porosity, cracking, and jointing, is subject to the destructive action of atmospheric influence, rain, frost and oxidation......
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981
Zone of saturation
That part of the earth crust where the functional interstices of permeable rock or earth are completely filled with water under positive hydrostatic pressure, that is, pressure in excess of atmospheric pressure. It is that portion of the earth crust that supplies water to springs and wells and which contains the groundwater. Strictly speaking, part.....
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982
Zone of rock-flowage-and-fracture
That part of the earth crust lying between the zone of the rock fracture and the zone of rock flowage. In it, the strongest rocks behave as in the zone of rock fracture and the weakest rocks as in the zone of rock flowage......
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1020
Ghyben-Herzberg lens
A body of rain-fed fresh water depressing and overlying a sea-fed body of saline groundwater.
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1043
Piezometric surface, or Pressure surface
1 - An imaginary surface that everywhere coincides with the head of the water in an aquifer. 2 - See 5272.
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